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Komu je letos zazvonil telefon s Švedske?

Who got a call from Sweden this year?

Written by Dora Adamič, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Zopet je nastopil teden, ko zvonijo telefoni in se podeljujejo najbolj prestižne nagrade za znanost, mir in literaturo.

Once again, the week has come when phones are ringing and the most prestigious awards for science, peace and literature are being presented.

Nobelovo nagrado za medicino sta dobila David Julius in Ardem Patapoutian, ko sta razvozlala skrivnosti čutenja.

The Nobel Prize in Medicine was won by David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian as they unravelled the secrets of feeling.

Njune raziskave pojasnjujejo molekularno ozadje občutenja toplote, mraza in fizične sile. Čeprav se zdi občutenje nekaj samoumevnega, je njegovo razumevanje pomembno, saj močno vpliva na naše zaznavanje okolja in sebe.

Their research explains the molecular background of the sensations of heat, cold, and physical force. Although feeling seems self-evident, understanding it is important as it strongly influences our perception of the environment and ourselves.

Nagrado za fiziko si delijo Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann in Giorgio Parisi za doprinos k razumevanju kompleksnih fizikalnih sistemov.

The physics prize is shared by Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi for their contribution to the understanding of complex physical systems.

Manabe in Hasselmann sta s fizikalnim modeliranjem Zemljinega podnebja izboljšala napovedovanje globalnega segrevanja. Parisi pa je z odkritjem skritih vzorcev v neurejenih kompleksnih materialih prispeval k razvoju teorije kompleksnih sistemov.

Manabe and Hasselmann improved the prediction of global warming by physically modelling the Earth's climate. Parisi, however, contributed to the development of the theory of complex systems by discovering hidden patterns in disordered complex materials.

V sredo so razglasili nagrado za kemijo. Dobila sta jo Benjamin List in David W. C. MacMillan za odkritje novega orodja za sestavljanje molekul, imenovanega organokataliza.

The chemistry award was announced on Wednesday. It was given to Benjamin List and David W. C. MacMillan for the discovery of a new tool for assembling molecules called organocatalysis.

Gre za zelo natančno orodje, ki pospešuje kemične reakcije. Odkritje je imelo velik vpliv na farmacevtske raziskave in razvoj novih zdravil, hkrati pa je naredilo kemijo prijaznejšo okolju.

It is a very precise tool that accelerates chemical reactions. The discovery had a major impact on pharmaceutical research and the development of new drugs, while also making chemistry more environmentally friendly.

Nagradi za fiziko in kemijo sta bili torej letos bolj okoljevarstveno obarvani, kar je danes še posebej aktualno v luči globalnega segrevanja in onesnaževanja okolja.

The awards for physics and chemistry were therefore more environmentally friendly this year, which is especially relevant today in the light of global warming and environmental pollution.

Nagrado za literaturo je prejel Abdulrazak Gurnah za brezkompromisno in sočutno pisanje o posledicah kolonializma in o usodah beguncev v prepadu med kulturami in celinami. Tudi to je danes, v času migrantske krize, zelo aktualno.

The literature prize was awarded to Abdulrazak Gurnah for his uncompromising and compassionate writing on the consequences of colonialism and on the fate of refugees in the gulf between cultures and continents. This is also very relevant today, at a time of the migrant crisis.

Nagrade običajno podelijo v Stockholmu in Oslu na rojstni dan Alfreda Nobela 10. decembra. Zaradi epidemije novega koronavirusa bodo nagrajenci tako kot lani nagrade prejeli v svoji domači državi.

The awards are usually presented in Stockholm and Oslo on Alfred Nobel's birthday on December 10th. Due to the epidemic of the new coronavirus, the winners will receive their prizes in their home country, just like last year.

Zadnja novica

Latest news

Nobelovo nagrado za mir letos prejmeta novinarja Maria Ressa s Filipinov in Dmitrij Muratov iz Rusije za njuno branjenje svobode izražanja, ki je pogoj za demokracijo in trajni mir, je dopoldne razglasil Nobelov odbor.

This year's Nobel Peace Prize will be awarded to journalists Maria Ressa from the Philippines and Dmitry Muratov from Russia for their defense of freedom of expression, which is a condition for democracy and lasting peace, the Nobel Committee announced this morning.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Dansko življenje brez mask

Danish life without masks

Written by Dora Adamič, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Danska je septembra odpravila vse ukrepe proti novemu koronavirusu.

Denmark lifted all measures against the new coronavirus in September.

To pomeni, da maske niso obvezne v zaprtih prostorih. Javno življenje, vključno s šolami in univerzami, ostaja odprto.

This means that masks are not mandatory indoors. Public life, including schools and universities, remains open.

Cepljenih je več kot 80 odstotkov prebivalcev. Za primerjavo: v Sloveniji je precepljenost nekaj več kot 40 odstotkov.

More than 80 percent of the population is vaccinated. For comparison: in Slovenia, vaccination coverage is just over 40 percent.

Toda cepljenje ni edini razlog za uspešni spopad Dancev z epidemijo.

But vaccination is not the only reason for the successful fight of the Danes with the epidemic.

Ko je leta 2020 novi koronavirus pričel svoj smrtonosni pohod po Evropi, se je Danska med prvimi odločila za hitro in množično zaprtje javnega življenja. Danci so nato glede na razmere ukrepe sproščali ali zaostrovali.

When the new coronavirus began its deadly march across Europe in 2020, Denmark was among the first to opt for a rapid and mass closure of public life. The Danes then relaxed or tightened the measures, depending on the situation.

Toda ukrepi pomagajo le, če se jih ljudje držijo. Tudi solidarnost in zaupanje državljanov vanje sta bila pomembna za uspešen spopad z epidemijo.

But measures only help if people stick to them. Solidarity and citizens' trust in them were also important for a successful fight against the epidemic.

Ne kaže zanemariti niti tretjega razloga: to so njihove navade. Danci se redko rokujejo, objemajo pa se le z najbližjimi prijatelji. Omejenost stikov pa pomembno zmanjša možnost za prenos virusa.

We can’t ignore a third reason: these are their habits. Danes rarely shake hands, but only hug their closest friends. However, limited contact significantly reduces the possibility of virus transmission.

V šali bi lahko rekli, da so Danci spoštovali priporočilo o medsebojni razdalji, še preden se je pojavil koronavirus.

We could jokingly say that the Danes followed the recommendation of mutual distance even before the coronavirus appeared.

Danci so namreč zadovoljni z majhnimi rečmi v življenju. Namesto druženja s prijatelji v lokalih cenijo večere doma in čas, ki ga preživijo z družino.

Namely, Danes are happy with the little things in life. Instead of hanging out with friends in bars, they appreciate evenings at home and the time they spend with family.

Temu pravijo hygge; beseda zajema občutke ugodja in povezanosti s skupnostjo.

This is called hygge; the word embraces feelings of comfort and connection to the community.

In nenazadnje, učinkovit boj z epidemijo je omogočil tudi kakovosten zdravstveni sistem, ki je dostopen vsem, ter epidemiološko utemeljeni ukrepi, ki so bili namenjeni dobrobiti ljudstva.

Last but not least, the effective fight against the epidemic has also been made possible by a quality health system that is accessible to all, and by epidemiologically justified measures aimed at the well-being of the people.

»Kljub trenutni dobri epidemiološki sliki epidemije ni konec. Zato danska vlada ne bo oklevala pri uvajanju novih ukrepov, če bodo ti potrebni,« pa opozarja danski zdravstveni minister Magnus Heunicke.

“Despite the current good epidemiological picture, the epidemic is not over. Therefore, the Danish government will not hesitate to introduce new measures if necessary, " warns Danish Health Minister Magnus Heunicke.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Včeraj mestna sramota, danes nova znamenitost

Yesterday a city disgrace, today a new landmark

Written by Romana Dobnikar Šeruga, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Pred dvesto leti je bila tovarna sladkorja – zato so jo Ljubljančani poimenovali Cukrarna.

Two hundred years ago, it was a sugar factory - that's why the people of Ljubljana named it Cukrarna (“the sugar factory”)..

Nekaj časa je bila največja v vsej Avstro-Ogrski monarhiji. Nato jo je uničil požar. Po tistem so jo obnovili le toliko, da je bila primerna za oddajanje sob. V njih so bivali vojaki in tovarniški delavci ter revnejši Ljubljančani. Nekaj časa je v Cukrarni bival tudi pisatelj Ivan Cankar.

For some time it was the largest in the entire Austro-Hungarian monarchy. It was then destroyed by fire. After that, it was restored only to the extent that it was suitable for renting out rooms. They housed soldiers and factory workers, as well as poorer Ljubljana residents. The writer Ivan Cankar also lived in Cukrarna for some time.

Bivalne razmere v Cukrarni so bile slabe in se niso nikoli več izboljšale.

Living conditions in Cukrarna were poor and never improved.

Zadnjih dvajset let je bila Cukrarna zapuščena. Iz nje so izselili brezdomce in zazidali vhode, da se ne bi komu na glavo podrla streha. Kakšna sramota, so ob pogledu na propadajočo stavbo govorili mimoidoči.

For the last twenty years, the Cukrarna has been abandoned. Homeless people were evicted from it and entrances were walled up so that the roof would not fall on anyone's head. What a shame, passers-by said as they looked at the crumbling building.

Zdaj je »ljubljanska sramota« na obrežju Ljubljanice postala nova mestna znamenitost. Zdi se, kot da se je iz grdega račka spremenila v čudovitega laboda.

Now "Ljubljana’s shame" on the banks of the Ljubljanica has become a new city landmark. It seems to have changed from an ugly duckling to a beautiful swan.

Že od daleč je videti snežno belo pročelje mogočne stavbe. Ob pravem vremenu zvečer njena okna – vsega skupaj jih je 365 – zažarijo v barvah zahajajočega sonca. Zato je že postala priljubljen fotografski motiv.

From afar you can see the snow-white façade of the mighty building. In the right weather in the evening, its windows - 365 in all - glow in the colours of the setting sun. It has thus already become a popular photographic motif.

Mimoidoči pa radi pokukajo v notranjost.

Passers-by, on the other hand, like to peek inside.

In radovedneži bomo danes prišli na svoj račun. Cukrarna bo kot muzej sodobne umetnosti odprla svoja vrata in spet bomo lahko vstopili v najbolj prostorno zgradbo v Ljubljani.

And the curious will come of their own accord today. Cukrarna will open its doors as a museum of contemporary art, and we will once again be able to enter the most spacious building in Ljubljana.

Prostrana ploščad pred Cukrarno že postaja priljubljeno mesto za druženje, kolesarji pa so tam odkrili lepo kolesarsko pot.

The spacious platform in front of Cukrarna is already becoming a popular place for socializing, and cyclists have discovered a beautiful cycling route there.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Preden oblikuješ mnenje, se pozanimaj pri različnih virih

Before forming an opinion, ask various sources

Written by Sandra Hanžič,  translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Kako krmariti v izobilju različnih med sabo nasprotujočih si podatkov?

How to navigate the abundance of different, conflicting data?

Nekaj nasvetov ponuja izr. prof. dr. Gregor Torkar s Pedagoške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani.

Some advice is offered by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gregor Torkar from the Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana.

Dvomljivci v obstoj novega koronavirusa in v učinkovitost cepiv pravijo, da kritično razmišljajo. Ali lahko kritično razmišljamo tudi o tem, kdaj sonce zaide in kakšno je vrelišče vode?

Doubters about the existence of the new coronavirus and the effectiveness of the vaccines say they are thinking critically. Can we also think critically about when the sun sets and what the boiling point of water is?

Tukaj gre za težavo zaupanja drug drugemu. Kadar peljem avto na servis, verjamem, da je serviser naredil tisto, kar je obljubil. Sam se ne spoznam na to.

This is a problem of trusting each other. When I take a car to the service station, I believe the service technician did what he promised. I don't know that myself.

Zato imamo razdeljene družbene vloge. In tudi znanstveniki imajo neko vlogo.

That is why we have divided social roles. And scientists have a role to play, too.

Ni nujno, da vsi delajo v dobro družbe. Sem pa prepričan, tako kot pri vseh poklicih, da večina dela v dobro družbe in napredka.

It is not necessary that everyone works for the good of society. However, I am convinced, as with all professions, that most work for the good of society and progress.

Če v to ne verjamemo več, bomo kot družba težko preživeli. Pandemija ni naš največji izziv. Tisti najtežji bodo prišli v obliki podnebnih sprememb, kjer se bo treba odločati na enak način. Brez zaupanja v podatke bomo težko sprejemali odločitve.

If we no longer believe in this, we as a society will have a hard time surviving. A pandemic is not our biggest challenge. The most difficult one will come in the form of climate change, where decisions will have to be made in the same way. Without trust in data, we will find it difficult to make decisions.

Kako so s tem povezani proticepilci?

How are vaccines related to this?

Ne bi jih rad obsojal. V tej kopici podatkov, in kadar nisi strokovnjak na nekem področju, mora vsakdo, tako kot znanstveniki, dvomiti.

I would not like to condemn them. In this pile of data, and when you’re not an expert in a field, everyone, like scientists, has to doubt.

Vprašanje je samo, koliko boš v to odločitev vložil. Preden jo sprejmeš, moraš preveriti dejstva in jih razumeti. Če jih ne, se moraš pozanimati pri tistih, ki jim zaupaš in so usposobljeni, da to govorijo.

The only question is how much you will invest in this decision. Before you accept it, you need to check the facts and understand them. If not, you need to inquire from those you trust and are trained to say so.

Bolj si moramo zaupati. Ta negotovost je posledica splošnega družbenega nezaupanja in sebičnosti.

We need to trust each other more. This uncertainty is the result of general social distrust and selfishness.

Kaj svetujete mladim?

What do you advise young people?

Ko oblikujete svoje mnenje, se pozanimajte pri različnih virih. Ne vedno zaupati prvemu in ne samo enemu viru. Poslušajte drugačna mnenja in si potem ustvarite sliko.

When forming your opinion, inquire from various sources. Don’t always trust the first and not just one source. Listen to different opinions and then create an image for yourself.

Ko bomo začeli to dvoje spoštovati, se bomo lažje vživeli v situacijo nekoga drugega, sprejemali pomisleke in ne bomo tako agresivni drug do drugega.

When we start to respect these two, we will find it easier to empathize with someone else’s situation, accept concerns, and not be so aggressive toward each other.

Žal marsikdo ostaja zgolj pred svojim računalnikom. Takšno sodelovalno skupinsko komunikacijo bi zato morala spodbujati šola.

Unfortunately, many people are left alone in front of their computer. Such collaborative group communication should therefore be encouraged by the school.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

11. september, dan, ki je spremenil svet

September 11, the day that changed the world

Written by Romana Dobnikar Šeruga, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Ko govorimo o 11. septembru, imamo v mislih 11. september 2001. Na ta dan je v ZDA prišlo do terorističnega napada, ki je pretresel ne samo Američane, ampak ves svet.

When we talk about 11 September, we have 11 September 2001 in mind. On that day, there was a terrorist attack in the US that shook not only Americans, but the whole world.

Na torkovo jutro pred dvajsetimi leti so teroristi ugrabili štiri letala. Prvo je ob 8.46 uri po krajevnem času trčilo v severni stolp, drugo pa četrt ure zatem v južni stolp Svetovnega trgovinskega centra. Stolpnici sta se podrli v dimu in ognju, ki je gorel še sedem dni.

On Tuesday morning twenty years ago, terrorists hijacked four planes. The first collided with the north tower at 8.46 am local time, and the second quarter of an hour later with the south tower of the World Trade Center. The skyscrapers collapsed in smoke and fire that burned for another seven days.

Tretje ugrabljeno letalo se je zaletelo v Pentagon, poslopje ameriškega obrambnega ministrstva v Washingtonu. Četrto je pilot namenoma usmeril tako, da je strmoglavilo v bližini mesta Pittsburgh, ne da bi se zaletelo v določeni cilj.

A third hijacked plane crashed into the Pentagon, a U.S. Department of Defense building in Washington. The fourth, the pilot deliberately steered so that it crashed near the city of Pittsburgh without crashing into a specific target.

Za napade je bila odgovorna teroristična skupina Al Kaida pod vodstvom Osame bin Ladna. Deset let kasneje so ga specialne enote ameriške vojske odkrile v Pakistanu in ga ubile.

The terrorist group Al Qaeda, led by Osama bin Laden, was responsible for the attacks. Ten years later, he was discovered and killed by US military special forces in Pakistan.

Ob deseti obletnici so na mestu, kjer sta nekoč stala »dvojčka«, kot so rekli newyorškima stolpnicama, odprli spominski park.

On the occasion of the tenth anniversary, a memorial park was opened on the site where the "twins" once stood, as the New York high-rises were called.

Na dvajseto obletnico se bodo tragičnega dogodka spomnili z glasnim branjem imen žrtev. Ta so zapisana na marmornih ploščah ob dveh bazenih, ki sta na mestu, kjer sta nekoč stali stolpnici.

The twentieth anniversary will be commemorated by reading the names of the victims aloud. These are written on marble slabs next to two pools, which are on the site where the high-rises once stood.

Dogodki 11. septembra 2001 so spremenili Ameriko in ves svet.

The events of September 11, 2001, changed America and the world.

V ZDA so po napadu ustanovili posebno ministrstvo za domovinsko varnost, ki pri iskanju teroristov lahko omeji svoboščine državljanov.

In the United States, a special Department of Homeland Security was set up after the attack, which can restrict citizens' freedoms in the search for terrorists.

V strahu pred novimi terorističnimi napadi so po svetu uvedli stroge varnostne ukrepe, na primer na letališčih.

Fearing new terrorist attacks, strict security measures have been introduced around the world, for example at airports.

Toda v vojni proti terorizmu je težko zmagati. Po 11. septembru 2001 se je zgodilo še več terorističnih napadov, v katerih je umrlo na stotine nedolžnih ljudi.

But the war on terror is hard to win. Since 9/11, there have been even more terrorist attacks in which hundreds of innocent people have died.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Kdaj se bo pandemija končala?

When will the pandemic end?

Written by Dora Adamič, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

To je vprašanje, ki si ga zastavljamo, odkar smo 11. marca 2020 razglasili pandemijo novega koronavirusa.

This is a question we have been asking ourselves since we declared a new coronavirus pandemic on 11 March 2020.

Čeprav se poleti ukrepi omilijo in nam dajo upanje, da bo morda pandemije kmalu konec, s hladnejšimi meseci znova dobimo nove okužbe in občutek, da se ta ne bo nikoli končala.

Although the measures are relaxed in the summer and give us hope that the pandemic may end soon, with the colder months we get new infections again and the feeling that this will never end.

Pandemija se bo končala, vendar to ne pomeni, da bomo virus iztrebili. Verjetno bo ostal z nami in še naprej krožil med prebivalstvom.

The pandemic will end, but that doesn’t mean we will exterminate the virus. It will probably stay with us and continue to circulate among the population.

Iz prejšnjih pandemij smo se naučili, da bolezni težko iztrebimo. Še posebej, če so tako nalezljive in hitro mutirajo kot koronavirus.

We have learned from previous pandemics that diseases are difficult to eradicate. Especially if they are as contagious and mutate like the coronavirus.

Cepiva so še vedno naše najmočnejše orožje proti novemu koronavirusu.

Vaccines are still our most powerful weapon against the new coronavirus.

Zato se znanstveniki zanašajo na to, da se bo naš imunski sistem sčasoma navadil nanj in zato ta ne bo več tako nevaren. Pri tem seveda močno pomagajo cepiva.

Therefore, scientists rely on the fact that our immune system will eventually get used to it and therefore it will no longer be so dangerous. Of course, vaccines help a lot.

»Če lahko zmanjšamo število umrlih pod določen nivo in nadaljujemo z normalnim življenjem, lahko rečemo, da se je pandemija končala,« pravi raziskovalec dr. Jagpreet Chhatwal.

"If we can reduce the number of deaths below a certain level and continue with normal life, we can say that the pandemic is over," says researcher Dr. Jagpreet Chhatwal.

Vendar je do sedaj cepivo prejelo le 28 odstotkov svetovnega prebivalstva, kar ni spodbudno.

However, so far only 28 percent of the world’s population has received the vaccine, which is not encouraging.

Revnejšim državam primanjkuje cepiv, medtem ko se v ostalih državah dogaja, da jih ljudje, zaradi dvomov v njihovo učinkovitost, zavračajo.

Poorer countries lack vaccines, while other countries reject them because of doubts about their effectiveness.

Tako majhna precepljenost virusu omogoča hitrejše širjenje in poveča verjetnost za nove različice.

Such low vaccination coverage allows the virus to spread faster and increases the likelihood of new versions.

Kdaj bo torej konec pandemije? To bo določila Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija, ko bo presodila, da je virus pod nadzorom in mu bo dala status endemičnega virusa.

So when will the pandemic end? This will be determined by the World Health Organization when it judges that the virus is under control and gives it endemic virus status.

Druga možnost je, da se bo javnost sama odločila, da je konec pandemije, in kljub nevzdržnemu širjenju virusa ne bo več upoštevala ukrepov. Takšen odziv lahko privede do številnih smrti.

Alternatively, the public will decide for itself that the pandemic is over and will no longer take action despite the unsustainable spread of the virus. Such a response could lead to many deaths.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Testi za samotestiranje na voljo v lekarnah

Self-test tests available in pharmacies

Written by Sandra Hanžič,  translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

V teh dneh potekajo še zadnje priprave na novo šolsko leto.

These days, the last preparations for the new school year are underway.

Učenci sedmih, osmih in devetih razredov ter dijaki bodo tudi tokrat imeli možnost samotestiranja na novi koronavirus.

Seventh, eighth and ninth grade students as well as high school students will once again have the opportunity to self-test for the new coronavirus.

Brezplačne teste bodo lahko prevzeli v lekarnah, in sicer s svojo kartico obveznega zdravstvenega zavarovanja, izjemoma pa s potrdilom o vpisu v šolo. Predvidoma bodo na voljo od danes naprej, je napovedal državni sekretar na ministrstvu za zdravje Robert Cugelj.

They will be able to take the free tests in pharmacies, with their compulsory health insurance card and, exceptionally, with a certificate of enrolment in school. They are expected to be available from today, announced State Secretary at the Ministry of Health Robert Cugelj.

Ob testih bodo dobili tudi navodila za uporabo.

They will also receive instructions for use during the tests.

Samotestirali se bodo enkrat na teden, bodisi doma bodisi v dijaškem domu. Vsak bo upravičen do petih testov na mesec.

They will self-test once a week, either at home or in the dorm. Each will be eligible for five tests per month.

Kaj se zgodi, če bo test pozitiven?

What happens if the test is positive?

O tem morajo takoj obvestiti osebnega zdravnika, ki jih usmeri na dodatno potrditev s testom PCR. Dokler niso znani rezultati, morajo ostati doma v samoizolaciji. Če so pozitivni tudi na testu PCR, morajo to sporočiti ravnatelju svoje šole.

They should immediately inform their personal physician, who will direct them for further confirmation by PCR test. Until the results are known, they should stay home in self-isolation. If they are also positive on the PCR test, they must report this to their school principal.

Če je test PCR negativen, gredo lahko v šolo in na druge dejavnosti.

If the PCR test is negative, they can go to school and other activities.

Posebno skrb je treba nameniti ravnanju z odpadki, ki nastanejo pri samotestiranju, je poudaril Cugelj. Odložiti jih je treba v vrečko, jo zavezati, nanjo napisati, da gre za odpadke od samotestiranja, jo hraniti ločeno od drugih odpadkov vsaj 72 ur in nato dati v zabojnik z odpadki.

Special attention should be paid to the management of waste generated during self-testing, Cugelj emphasized. They must be placed in a bag, tied, labelled as self-testing waste, kept separate from other waste for at least 72 hours and then placed in a waste container.

Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje bo za dijake pripravil anketo, v kateri jih bodo spraševali, kako učinkovit je ta ukrep.

The National Institute of Public Health will prepare a survey for students asking how effective this measure is.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Plečnikova dela uvrščena na Unescov seznam svetovne dediščine

Plečnik's works are on the UNESCO World Heritage List

Written by Dora Adamič, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Na Unescovem seznamu svetovne dediščine lahko po novem najdemo tudi arhitekta Jožeta Plečnika. O enem izmed naših najpomembnejših arhitektov smo se pogovarjali z arhitektom in urednikom revije Outsider Matevžem Grando.

Architect Jože Plečnik can now be found on the UNESCO World Heritage List. We talked about one of our most important architects with the architect and editor of Outsider magazine Matevž Grando.

Zakaj je bil Plečnik šele zdaj uvrščen na Unescov seznam svetovne dediščine?

Uvrščanje svetovne dediščine na Unescov seznam je dolgotrajen postopek. Predlagatelji morajo pripraviti dobro obrazložen predlog, zakaj bi bilo nekaj primerno uvrstiti nanj. Potem pa mednarodna komisija vlogo dlje časa preučuje, saj mora pri tem slediti strogim kriterijem in si vse predloge ogledati v živo.

Why was Plečnik only now included in the UNESCO World Heritage List?

The inclusion of a UNESCO World Heritage Site is a lengthy process. Proposers should make a well-reasoned proposal as to why it would be appropriate to include something on it. After that, the international commission examines the application for a longer period of time, as it has to follow strict criteria and see all the proposals in person.

Pri odločanju ni pomembno samo stanje objektov, ampak tudi odnos skupnosti do njih. Zato na seznamu ni Bežigrajskega stadiona, ki je v zelo slabem stanju.

When deciding, it is not only the condition of the facilities that is important, but also the attitude of the community towards them. Therefore, the Bežigrad Stadium, which is in very poor condition, is not on the list.

Čeprav je uvrstitev njegovih del na Unescov seznam trajala dolgo, je prišla ob zelo pravem času. Točno pred stotimi leti je bilo namreč za Plečnika prelomno leto, saj je začel poučevati arhitekturo v Ljubljani in graditi to, kar danes imenujemo Plečnikova Ljubljana.

Although the inclusion of his works on the UNESCO list took a long time, it came at a very opportune time. Exactly one hundred years ago was a turning point for Plečnik, as he began teaching architecture in Ljubljana and building what we now call Plečnik's Ljubljana.

Zakaj veliko Plečnikovih idej ni bilo uresničenih?

V ustvarjalnih poklicih je to normalno. Veliko idej in zamisli, ki jih je imel Leonardo da Vinci, tudi nikoli ni bilo uresničenih.

Why were many of Plečnik's ideas not realized?

This is normal in creative professions. Many of the ideas and concepts that Leonardo da Vinci had were also never realized.

Veliki ustvarjalci stalno ustvarjajo. Zavedajo se, da bo uresničen le del njihovih zamisli, a to ni ovira, da ne bi ustvarjali naprej. Poleg tega je v arhitekturi za izgradnjo pomembnih več dejavnikov, na katere arhitekt nima vedno vpliva.

Great creators are constantly creating. They are aware that only some of their ideas will be realized, but this is not an obstacle to not creating further. In addition, several factors are important in architecture for construction that the architect does not always have an influence over.

Kakšni so bili njegovi načrti za tovarno čokolade na Dunaju?

V njegovi monografiji, ki je izšla leta 1920, so bila objavljena le njegova dunajska dela in neizvedeni projekti iz tistega časa, med njimi tudi tovarna čokolade. Zasnoval jo je kot mrežo ploskev, ki spominjajo na tablico čokolade. Takrat je bila pri načrtovanju tovarn zelo pomembna lepota. Tako je tudi Plečnikova tovarna čokolade prava estetska mojstrovina.

What were his plans for a chocolate factory in Vienna?

In his monograph, published in 1920, only his Viennese works and unfinished projects from that time were published, including a chocolate factory. He designed it as a grid of surfaces reminiscent of a bar of chocolate. At that time, beauty was very important in the design of factories. Thus, Plečnik's chocolate factory is a true aesthetic masterpiece.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Preveč poguma lahko škodi

Too much courage can hurt

Written by Dora Adamič, translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Pogum je pogosto zaželena vrlina, a vseeno ne smemo pozabiti na previdnost. Ob neprevidnem vedenju se namreč lahko hitro znajdemo v nevarnosti.

Courage is often a desirable virtue, but we must not forget caution. With careless behaviour, we can quickly find ourselves in danger.

Živali so denimo v bližini plenilcev pogosto previdnejše, saj jim takšno obnašanje poveča verjetnost za preživetje.

Animals, for example, are often more careful near predators, as such behaviour increases their likelihood of survival.

Zaznavanje nevarnosti pa se lahko spremeni zaradi utrujenosti, lakote, strupov in zajedavcev.

However, perceptions of danger can change due to fatigue, hunger, toxins and parasites.

Takšen zajedavec je denimo Toxoplasma gondii, ki povzroča bolezen toksoplazmozo. Pogosta je pri domačih mačkah in lahko se prenese na človeka.

Such a parasite is, for example, Toxoplasma gondii, which causes the disease toxoplasmosis. It is common in domestic cats and can be transmitted to humans.

Še posebej je nevarna za nosečnice, saj lahko povzroči hujše zaplete pri dojenčkih.

It is especially dangerous for pregnant women as it can cause more serious complications in babies.

Toksoplazmozo najdemo tudi pri divjih mačkah v naravi.

Toxoplasmosis is also found in wild cats in the wild.

Znanstveniki so v Keniji trideset let raziskovali, kako vpliva na obnašanje hijen.

Scientists have been researching how it affects the behaviour of hyenas in Kenya for thirty years.

Osredotočili so se predvsem na mladiče, mlajše od enega leta. Pri tej starosti so še zelo nebogljeni in okužba ima nanje največji vpliv.

They focused mainly on cubs under one year of age. At this age, they are still very helpless, and the infection has the greatest impact on them.

»Matere za varnost svojih mladičev porabijo veliko časa. Zanje skrbijo do približno enega leta, vendar mladiči niso popolnoma samostojni, dokler niso stari dve leti ali več,« pravi soavtor raziskave dr. Zach Laubach.

“Mothers spend a lot of time on the safety of their cubs. They are cared for for about a year, but the cubs are not completely independent until they are two years old or older,” says the co-author of the study, Dr. Zach Laubach.

Znanstveniki so spoznali, da so mladiči, okuženi s toksoplazmozo, v bližini levov pogumnejši kot neokuženi mladiči.

Scientists have found that toxoplasmosis-infected cubs are braver near lions than uninfected cubs.

Zaradi preveč pogumnega vedenja jih ti lažje napadejo. Neprevidni mladiči se jim namreč težje umaknejo.

Too much courageous behaviour makes it easier for you to attack them. Careless cubs find it harder to withdraw.

Pri tako nizki starosti se morajo mladiči zanesti le na previdnost in zaradi neizkušenosti so lahek plen.

At such a young age, pups need to rely only on caution and, due to inexperience, are easy prey.

Raziskovalcev zato ni presenetilo, ko so njihovi izračuni pokazali, da je bilo več kot 80 odstotkov mladičev, ki so poginili zaradi levjega napada, okuženih s toksoplazmozo.

The researchers were therefore not surprised when their calculations showed that more than 80 percent of the cubs that died from the lion’s attack were infected with toxoplasmosis.

Zanimivo pa je, da pri hijenah, starejših od enega leta, sprememb v obnašanju niso opazili, tudi če so se okužile s toksoplazmozo.

Interestingly, no changes in behaviour were observed in hyenas older than one year, even if they became infected with toxoplasmosis.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.

Časoris is an online newspaper aimed at children. Each week we’ll take an article and post it here as a Slovene-English dual text.

Janja Garnbret splezala do zlate olimpijske medalje

Janja Garnbret climbed to the Olympic gold medal

Written by Sabina Lavrič translated by JL Flanner & G Translate

Ko je bila majhna, je Janja Garnbret rada plezala po drevesih, vratih in omarah. Starši so jo vpisali v plezalni klub, kjer se je srečala s pravo steno in oprimki.

When she was little, Janja Garnbret loved to climb trees, doors and closets. Her parents enrolled her in a climbing club, where she encountered a real wall and grips.

Kmalu je postala tako dobra, da je začela tekmovati. Danes je Janja šestkratna svetovna in po novem tudi olimpijska prvakinja v športnem plezanju!

She soon became so good that she started competing. Today, Janja is a six-time world and now also an Olympic champion in sport climbing!

Plezalke so se v finalu tako kot v sredo v kvalifikacijah, ki jih je dobila prav Janja, merile v treh disciplinah. Najprej v hitrostnem plezanju, nato na balvanih in za konec še v težavnostnem plezanju.

In the finals, as on Wednesday in the qualifications, which were won by Janja, the climbers competed in three disciplines. First in speed climbing, then on bouldering and finally in lead climbing.

Kot peta najhitrejša je z novim državnim rekordom preplezala 15-metrsko steno. Na balvanih, kjer se pleza brez vrvi, Janja je edina med osmimi tekmovalkami dvakrat dosegla vrh. Nato je s plezalnim pasom, vrvjo in vrečko magnezija priplezala najvišje še v težavnostnem plezanju.

As the fifth fastest, she climbed a 15-meter wall with a new national record. On the boulders, where she climbs without a rope, Janja was the only one of the eight competitors to reach the top twice. Then, with a climbing harness, rope and a bag of chalk, she climbed the highest in lead climbing.

V dneh pred tekmo je bila zelo nervozna, ker so vsi rekli, da bo dobila zlato medaljo.

In the days before the match, she was very nervous, because everyone said she would get a gold medal.

»Ne znam povedati, kako mi je odleglo. Težko je bilo ostati zbran v vseh treh disciplinah. Posrečilo se mi je v hitrosti, zbrana sem ostala v balvanih, na koncu sem odplezala najbolje kot znam. Ne vem, kako sem zmogla, ampak mi je uspelo,« je povedala po osvojitvi olimpijskega zlata.

“I can’t tell you how relieved I was. It was hard to stay focused in all three disciplines. I was lucky in the speed, I stayed collected in the boulders, in the end I climbed the best I know how. I don't know how I managed, but I succeeded, "she said after winning the Olympic gold.

Janja bo v zgodovino olimpijskih iger za vedno zapisana kot prva olimpijska prvakinja v športnem plezanju, saj tega športa doslej na olimpijskih igrah ni bilo.

Janja will forever go down in the history of the Olympic Games as the first Olympic champion in sport climbing, as this sport has not been at the Olympic Games before.

To je bila peta medalja za Slovenijo na teh olimpijskih igrah, tretja zlata.

This was the fifth medal for Slovenia at these Olympic Games, the third gold.

Read more stories and improve your Slovene at Časoris, while all our dual texts can be found here.